2012年世界無菸日（World No Tobacco Day 2012）

 年度主題：對抗菸商的干擾與阻撓（菸商因菸品行銷與獲利缺損之對抗行動）

Theme: Tobacco industry interference

作者備註：

1.菸品在人類的歷史不長，但是創造商業利潤驚人，菸商多來自已開發中國家之大型跨國公司，中低收入國家原本醫療經濟狀況很差，又有每年大量成長的菸品市場，未來這些國家之國民健康是「無可救藥」及「雪上加霜」。

2.我該說是本來無一物，何處惹塵埃？人類自己惹來的，還是要說：這些菸商的利潤與市場銷售量持續成長，賺錢是無關道德與健康的。菸商網站也說，吸菸者是在自知菸品對於健康有害下的自由選擇，吸菸者能戒菸當然最好！

3.只是菸品如果上癮，成癮物質魔力無窮大，最近研究發現，吸菸者就算被診斷罹患癌症，都無法當成戒除菸引的誘因，這是個很難搞的公共衛生問題。

3.要把菸品變成類似毒品之禁用商品，只是很多政府政府之預算對於菸品稅捐依賴也已經成癮，很難搞的公共衛生問題，我看30～50年內大概很年搞定，菸害很難絕跡！

2011年9月16日世界衛生組織選定2012年5月31日之世界無菸日「World No Tobacco Day」之主題為對抗菸商之干擾與阻撓「tobacco industry interference」之活動主軸。

16 September 2011 - The World Health Organization (WHO) selects "tobacco industry interference" as the theme of the next World No Tobacco Day, which will take place on Thursday, 31 May 2012.

倡議活動之重點在於喚醒及對抗菸商之無恥行徑及積極地對於世界衛生組織（WHO）之菸草控制框架公約（the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ，簡稱WHO FCTC 公約）保護民眾健康之干擾與對抗。

The campaign will focus on the need to expose and counter the tobacco industry's brazen and increasingly aggressive attempts to undermine the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) because of the serious danger they pose to public health.

WHO表示菸品是造成可以預防疾病死亡之主要原因之一，WHO估計每年有6百萬人因吸菸危害死亡，其中有60萬人是因二手菸危害而死亡。世界各國如果沒有採取重要預防措施，WHO估計到2030年，每年因菸品死亡之人數將增加至八百萬人，更不幸地，這些死亡會有八成會發生在中、低收入的國家。

Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of death. The global tobacco epidemic kills nearly 6 million people each year, of which more than 600,000 are people exposed to second-hand smoke. Unless we act, it will kill up to 8 million people by 2030, of which more than 80% will live in low- and middle-income countries.

在WHO FCTC公約之下，各國符合公約的國家已經逐漸增加（目前全球有174各簽約國或方，countries or parties），菸商對於FCTC公約實施之對抗，卻是越來越有活力。

As more and more countries move to fully meet their obligations under the WHO FCTC, the tobacco industry's efforts to undermine the treaty are becoming more and more energetic.

舉個例子來說，菸商對於菸盒上之健康警示圖文之對抗活動（以國際貿易保障智慧財產權-菸品品牌與包裝設計、不自證己罪-說自己生產的菸品傷害消費者健康、言論自由等等因素），例如對於政府的法規提出法院訴訟之措施（如美國：9則新警圖、烏拉圭：菸盒警圖面積加大、澳洲：菸品素面包裝等），菸商聲稱這些菸品警圖及素面包裝規定，已經侵犯到菸商已取得之品牌與容器設計之註冊商標之基本權力。

For example, in an attempt to halt the adoption of pictorial health warnings on packages of tobacco, the industry recently adopted the novel tactic of suing countries under bilateral investment treaties, claiming that the warnings impinge the companies' attempts to use their legally-registered brands.

在此同時，世界各國落實FCTC公約所實施之室內公共場所禁菸、禁止菸品廣告、促銷與贊助等禁止規定，菸商亦加以抵抗與破壞。

Meanwhile, the industry's attempts to undermine the treaty continue on other fronts, particularly with regard to countries' attempts to ban smoking in enclosed public places and to ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship.

2012年的世界無菸日活動，要教育世界各國之菸害防制決策官員及社會大眾熟悉菸商之兇惡及傷害之戰略。

World No Tobacco Day 2012 will educate policy-makers and the general public about the tobacco industry's nefarious and harmful tactics.

為遵守WHO FCTC之公約條文及精神，在FCTC公約序言中，即已經表達對於菸商之對抗或干擾之活動或避免負面利益之行徑，應有所警覺。

It will also be in keeping with the letter and the spirit of the WHO FCTC. The preamble of the treaty recognizes "the need to be alert to any efforts by the tobacco industry to undermine or subvert tobacco control efforts and the need to be informed of activities of the tobacco industry that have a negative impact on tobacco control efforts".

此外，在FCTC公約第5條3款即載明，國家在制訂菸害防制法定或設定政策時，能依據國家法令規定來保護菸害防制政策可避於菸商或其他菸商利益團體之干擾或阻饒。

In addition, Article 5.3 of the treaty states that "in setting and implementing their public health policies with respect to tobacco control, Parties shall act to protect these policies from commercial and other vested interests of the tobacco industry in accordance with national law".

進而言之，FCTC公約第5條3款之執行指引也指出，對於公約之締約方（國家等）要增加菸商干擾菸害防制政策之警覺性。

Furthermore, the guidelines to the implementation of Article 5.3 state that Parties are recommended to "raise awareness about…tobacco industry interference with Parties' tobacco control policies".

在2012年世界無菸日及往後的一年，WHO將會督促世界各國對於菸商干擾措施政府所採取菸害防制核心措施及控制全球菸害之努力，採取反制與對抗之措施。

On World No Tobacco Day 2012, and throughout the following year, WHO will urge countries to put the fight against tobacco industry interference at the heart of their efforts to control the global tobacco epidemic. 

取自世界衛生組織之網站